# Mekorah: Revelation Restored – Inconsistencies and Evidence of Corruption in the Current Genesis 1 - Author: Paul Csavdari - Site: MEKORAH - Content type: Article - Editorial status: Current position - Canonical URL: https://paulcsavdari.blog/2026/07/11/mekorah-revelation-restored-inconsistencies-and-evidence-of-corruption-in-the-current-genesis-1/ - Published: 2026-07-11T00:11:59+02:00 - Last revised: 2026-07-11T00:11:59+02:00 ## Subject Collections - [Genesis and Mythology](https://paulcsavdari.blog/ai/category/genesis-and-mythology.md): Articles focused on Genesis, ancient myths, creation, origins, and their theological and historical meaning. Canonical category page: https://paulcsavdari.blog/category/genesis-and-mythology/ ## Official Summary Moses’ Revelation with the Sabbath as the Seal of Creation The current text of Genesis 1, as found in the Masoretic Bible and influenced by the Septuagint (LXX) translation, was corrupted in Alexandria during the 3rd–2nd centuries BCE by incorporating elements from the Babylonian epic Enuma Elish.… ## Full Text # Moses’ Revelation with the Sabbath as the Seal of Creation The current text of **Genesis 1**, as found in the Masoretic Bible and influenced by the Septuagint (LXX) translation, was corrupted in Alexandria during the 3rd–2nd centuries BCE by incorporating elements from the Babylonian epic *Enuma Elish*. The obvious inconsistencies—such as the “separation of the waters” on the second day (Gen 1:6-8), the luminaries “separating light from darkness” on the fourth day (Gen 1:14-18), the lack of blessing for land animals, and humanity created “in a heap” with animals on the sixth day—are clear evidence that the original text was altered. These absurdities, corroborated by passages from the Old Testament (**Job 26:10**, **Proverbs 8:27**, **Isaiah 40:22**, **Psalm 104:2-9**, **Job 38:4-11**, **Isaiah 44:24**, **Amos 4:13**, **Jeremiah 10:12**, **Exodus 20:8-11**, **Deuteronomy 5:12-15**), demonstrate that the original Genesis 1 was a pure and coherent theological revelation: the firmament (*rāqîaʿ*) was created on the first day as a boundary between light and darkness, the days were clearly organized, all living creatures were blessed, humanity was the culmination of creation, and the Sabbath, on the seventh day, was the divine seal of creation, instituted as holy rest and the foundation of the covenant with humanity. This article restores Genesis 1, eliminating Babylonian influences and reconstructing Moses’ vision: a sovereign God who orders chaos through His word, without gods or myths, and who consecrates the Sabbath as a sign of His authority and relationship with creation. The inconsistencies in the current text are proof of corruption in the LXX, while Old Testament texts, including those about the Sabbath, support the original structure. Read on, and you will see: Genesis 1, crowned by the Sabbath, is divine revelation, not a recycled Babylonian myth. ## Inconsistencies in the Current Genesis 1: Evidence of Corruption The current text of **Genesis 1** contains absurdities that betray the intervention of the LXX translators: ### The “Separation of the Waters” (Gen 1:6-8) - **Text**: “Let there be a firmament [רָקִיעַ, rāqîaʿ] in the midst of the waters [מַיִם, māyim], and let it separate the waters from the waters. [...] And it separated the waters below the firmament from the waters above the firmament.” - **Inconsistency**: In **Gen 1:2**, the Spirit of God hovers “over the face of the waters” [עַל־פְּנֵי מַיִם, ʿal-pənê māyim], a single mass called *tehom* (“the deep”). If the firmament (*rāqîaʿ*) separates the waters into those “above” and “below” it, the Spirit’s position becomes absurd: is it above the “upper waters” (beyond the firmament)? Below it, with the lower waters? The text offers no clarity. The “waters above” the firmament appear only here and in **Gen 7:11** (“the windows of the heavens”), an image borrowed from *Enuma Elish* (Tablet V, celestial gates for rain). The waters are fully ordered in **Gen 1:9-10** (“let the waters gather into one place [...] and He called them seas”), rendering this separation unnecessary and needlessly complicating creation. - **Babylonian Influence**: In *Enuma Elish* (Tablet IV), Marduk splits Tiamat’s body, forming the sky to hold back the upper waters. In the LXX, *rāqîaʿ* is translated as “stereōma” (a solid structure), suggesting a dome, unlike the Hebrew *rāqîaʿ* as a spatial expanse (**Gen 1:20**, birds fly “across the face” of it; **Gen 1:14-17**, luminaries “in” it; **Ezekiel 1:22-26**, “an expanse like crystal”). This image supports the mythological flood narrative of **Gen 7:11**, absent in the original Hebrew text. ### The Luminaries “Separating Light from Darkness” (Gen 1:14-18) - **Text**: “Let there be luminaries [מְאֹרֹת, məʾōrōt] in the firmament of the heavens to separate the day from the night.” - **Inconsistency**: Light (*’ōr*) and darkness (*ḥōšeḵ*) are separated on the first day (**Gen 1:4**): “And God separated the light from the darkness.” Why would the luminaries “separate” something already divided? The firmament (*rāqîaʿ*), as a visible expanse, is the natural boundary that “reveals” whether it is day or night, as in **Job 26:10**: “He has inscribed a circle [חֹג, ḥōg] on the face of the waters, as a boundary between light [אוֹר, ’ōr] and darkness [חֹשֶׁךְ, ḥōšeḵ].” When you check if it’s light or dark, you look at the sky, not the sun or moon! The moon is visible during the day, yet a bright sky means “day”—nobody says “it’s dark” if the moon is out and it’s light outside. The phrase “to separate the light from the darkness” is an absurd addition, inserted to compensate for moving the firmament from day 1, where it was the natural boundary. - **Babylonian Influence**: In *Enuma Elish* (Tablet V), Marduk places the stars and luminaries to organize cosmic time. The LXX adopts this idea, adding “separating the light from the darkness,” despite contradicting **Gen 1:4**. In the original Hebrew, luminaries only “mark seasons, days, and years” (**Gen 1:14**), as in **Psalm 136:7-9**: “Who made the great lights [...] the sun to rule the day, the moon and stars to rule the night.” ### Land Animals Without a Blessing (Gen 1:24-25) - **Text**: Land animals are created on day 6 but receive no blessing, unlike fish and birds (**Gen 1:22**, “Be fruitful and multiply”) and humanity (**Gen 1:28**). - **Inconsistency**: Land animals multiply (**Gen 8:17**, “swarm on the earth and increase”), so they should have been blessed, like all living creatures. This omission is absurd: why would God exclude these creatures from the blessing given to others? This gap points to a forced compression of the days. - **Cause**: The “separation of the waters” took up day 2, forcing the grouping of animals and humanity on day 6, leaving no room for a separate blessing. ### Humanity “In a Heap” with Animals (Gen 1:24-31) - **Text**: Humanity, created “in the image of God” (**Gen 1:26-27**), is placed on the same day as land animals. - **Inconsistency**: Moses’ theology emphasizes humanity’s uniqueness (**Psalm 8:5-8**, “You have made him a little lower than the angels [...] You have given him dominion over the works of Your hands”). Placing humanity “in a heap” with animals diminishes this uniqueness and contradicts the theological vision. Humanity is to “rule” over creation (**Gen 1:28**), not be lumped with it. - **Cause**: The “separation of the waters” disrupted the day structure, compressing animals and humanity into day 6. These inconsistencies—separating the waters, luminaries “separating light,” unblessed animals, and humanity “in a heap”—are undeniable proof of textual corruption in the LXX. ## The Original Text: What the Old Testament Reveals **Job 26:10** states: “He has inscribed a circle [חֹג, ḥōg] on the face of the waters [עַל־פְּנֵי מַיִם, ʿal-pənê māyim], as a boundary between light [אוֹר, ’ōr] and darkness [חֹשֶׁךְ, ḥōšeḵ].” The firmament (“circle,” akin to *rāqîaʿ*) is stretched “over the face of the waters” and separates light from darkness, establishing the day/night cycle. The firmament is the “sky” where you see whether it’s day or night—people look at the sky, not the sun or moon! Other Old Testament texts confirm this: - **Proverbs 8:27**: “When He inscribed a circle [חֹג, ḥōg] on the face of the deep [תְּהוֹם, tehom].” The firmament is above the waters, without splitting them. - **Isaiah 40:22**: “He stretches out the heavens [שָׁמַיִם, šāmayim] like a curtain.” The firmament is a spatial expanse, not a solid dome. - **Psalm 104:2-9**: “You stretch out the heavens like a tent [...] You set Your beams in the waters [...] You set the earth on its foundations [...] You set a boundary for the waters.” The firmament is above the waters, and the waters are gathered into seas, without splitting them. - **Job 38:4-11**: “Where were you when I laid the earth’s foundation? [...] When the waters [תְּהוֹם, tehom] burst forth [...] I set a boundary for them [...] and said, ‘Thus far you shall come, and no farther!’” The waters are ordered without splitting. - **Isaiah 44:24**: “I am the Lord [...] who stretches out the heavens [שָׁמַיִם, šāmayim] alone.” The firmament is an expanse, without waters “above.” - **Amos 4:13**: “He who forms the mountains [...] who turns dawn to darkness.” The firmament orders light and darkness. - **Jeremiah 10:12**: “He made the earth by His power [...] and stretched out the heavens by His understanding.” The firmament is a spatial expanse. These texts show that the firmament (*rāqîaʿ* or *ḥōg*) is stretched “over the face of the waters” (**Gen 1:2**) and orders light and darkness, not waters. The “separation of the waters” in **Gen 1:6-8** is a mythological anomaly, absent elsewhere in the Old Testament. ## The Sabbath: The Seal of Creation The seventh day, the Sabbath, crowns the creation week, as seen in **Gen 2:1-3**: “Thus the heavens and the earth were completed, and all their host. On the seventh day, God finished His work that He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it He rested from all His work.” The Sabbath is not merely a pause but a profound theological act: - **Purpose of the Sabbath**: The Sabbath is the sign of God’s sovereign authority as Creator. By resting [שָׁבַת, šāḇaṯ], God declares creation “very good” (**Gen 1:31**) and consecrates it. The Sabbath is a divine seal, marking the completion of creation and establishing a sacred rhythm for humanity, as God’s image (**Gen 1:26-27**), to enter communion with the Creator. - **Role of the Sabbath**: The Sabbath institutes an eternal covenant between God and creation, especially humanity. In **Exodus 20:8-11**, the Sabbath is commanded as a holy day because “in six days the Lord made the heavens, the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day.” In **Deuteronomy 5:12-15**, the Sabbath recalls deliverance from Egypt, linking creation to redemption. It is a sacred space where humanity reflects on dependence on God and the calling to “rule” creation in harmony with His will (**Gen 1:28**). - **Theological Coherence**: The Sabbath completes the creation week, showing that God not only creates but also consecrates. The blessing of the Sabbath (**Gen 2:3**) mirrors the blessings of fish, birds, animals, and humanity, uniting creation in a shared purpose: glorifying the Creator. Unlike *Enuma Elish*, which lacks any equivalent to the Sabbath, Genesis 1 emphasizes a Creator who orders and sanctifies, without mythological conflict. ## Restoring Genesis 1: The Coherent Structure The original Genesis 1 was coherent, theological, and free of mythology, culminating in the Sabbath: 1. **Day 1**: Creation of light and the firmament (*rāqîaʿ*) as a boundary between light and darkness, establishing day/night. 1. **Day 2**: Separation of waters from land, creation of seas and vegetation. 1. **Day 3**: Creation of luminaries to mark times. 1. **Day 4**: Creation of fish and birds, blessed. 1. **Day 5**: Creation of land animals, blessed. 1. **Day 6**: Creation of humanity, blessed, as the culmination. 1. **Day 7**: The Sabbath, blessed and sanctified, as the seal of creation. **Restored Text (Gen 1:1–2:3, selection)**: - **1:1-2**: “In the beginning, God created the heavens [שָׁמַיִם, šāmayim] and the earth [אֶרֶץ, ʾereṣ]. The earth was formless and void [תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ, tōhū wābōhū]; darkness [חֹשֶׁךְ, ḥōšeḵ] was over the face of the deep [תְּהוֹם, tehom] of waters [מַיִם, māyim], and the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters [עַל־פְּנֵי מַיִם, ʿal-pənê māyim].” - **Day 1 (rewritten)**: “And God said, ‘Let there be light [אוֹר, ’ōr]!’ And there was light. And God said, ‘Let there be a firmament [רָקִיעַ, rāqîaʿ] over the face of the waters [עַל־פְּנֵי מַיִם], as a boundary between light and darkness [חֹשֶׁךְ, ḥōšeḵ].’ And God made the firmament and set it over the waters. And God saw that the light was good; and God separated the light from the darkness. And God called the light day [יוֹם, yōm], and the darkness He called night [לַיְלָה, laylāh]. And there was evening, and there was morning: the first day.” - **Day 2 (1:9-13)**: “And God said, ‘Let the waters under the heavens [תַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם, taḥat haššāmayim] be gathered into one place, so that the dry land may appear!’ And it was so. [...] And God called the dry land earth [אֶרֶץ, ʾereṣ], and the gathered waters He called seas [יַמִּים, yammîm]. And God said, ‘Let the earth sprout vegetation [...]’ And there was evening, and there was morning: the second day.” - **Day 3 (1:14-19)**: “And God said, ‘Let there be luminaries [מְאֹרֹת, məʾōrōt] in the firmament of the heavens [בִּרְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם], to give light on the earth and to mark seasons, days, and years.’ And it was so. [...] And there was evening, and there was morning: the third day.” - **Day 4 (1:20-23)**: “And God said, ‘Let the waters swarm with living creatures, and let birds fly across the face of the firmament of the heavens [עַל־פְּנֵי רְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם].’ [...] And God blessed them, saying, ‘Be fruitful and multiply!’ And there was evening, and there was morning: the fourth day.” - **Day 5 (new)**: “And God said, ‘Let the earth bring forth living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creeping things, and wild animals according to their kinds.’ And it was so. [...] And God blessed them, saying, ‘Be fruitful and multiply!’ And there was evening, and there was morning: the fifth day.” - **Day 6 (1:26-31, rewritten)**: “And God said, ‘Let there be man [אָדָם, ʾāḏām] in My image, after My likeness, and let him have dominion […] over all the earth.’ […] And God blessed them, saying, ‘Be fruitful and multiply, fill the earth and subdue it!’ And there was evening, and there was morning: the sixth day.” - **Day 7 (2:1-3, rewritten)**: “Thus the heavens and the earth were completed, and all their host. On the seventh day, God finished His work that He had done, and He rested [שָׁבַת, šāḇaṯ] on the seventh day from all His work. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it He rested from all His work that He had created and made. And there was evening, and there was morning: the seventh day.” ## Why the Restored Text Is Coherent **Day 1: Firmament as Boundary Between Light and Darkness**: Light (*’ōr*) is created, while darkness (*ḥōšeḵ*) preexists (**Gen 1:2**, “darkness over the face of the deep”). The firmament (*rāqîaʿ*) is stretched “over the face of the waters” (*ʿal-pənê māyim*), as in **Job 26:10**, separating light from darkness. The firmament is the “sky” that “reveals” whether it is day or night—people look at the sky, not the sun or moon. This is coherent with **Gen 1:2** (Spirit “over the waters”), **Proverbs 8:27** (“circle on the face of the deep”), **Isaiah 40:22** (“heavens like a curtain”), **Psalm 104:2** (“heavens like a tent”), **Job 38:8**(boundary for waters), and **Amos 4:13** (“turns dawn to darkness”). **Day 2: Waters and Land**: Waters gather into seas, revealing dry land, and vegetation appears (**Gen 1:9-13**). Without the “separation of the waters,” the day is coherent, aligned with **Psalm 104:5-9** (“You set the earth on its foundations [...] You set a boundary for the waters”) and **Job 38:8-11** (“I set a boundary”). **Day 3: Luminaries**: The sun, moon, and stars “mark seasons, days, and years” (**Gen 1:14**), not “separate light from darkness”—an absurdity, as God does this on day 1. Luminaries regulate cosmic time, as in **Psalm 136:7-9**. **Day 4: Fish and Birds**: Blessed to multiply, coherent with the creation order. **Day 5: Land Animals**: Created separately, blessed, correcting the omission in **Gen 1:24-25**. Aligned with **Gen 8:17** and **Jeremiah 10:12**. **Day 6: Humanity**: Created separately, as “the image of God” (**Gen 1:26-27**, **Gen 2:7**), blessed to rule. Reflects humanity’s uniqueness (**Psalm 8:5-8**). **Day 7: The Sabbath**: Blessed and sanctified (**Gen 2:3**), the Sabbath is the seal of creation, marking God’s authority and humanity’s call to holy rest (**Exodus 20:8-11**, **Deut 5:12-15**). Unlike *Enuma Elish*, where creation is chaotic and lacks a sacred rhythm, the Sabbath establishes an eternal covenant. ## How the Septuagint Corrupted the Text In Alexandria, Jews lived in a Hellenistic environment, exposed to *Enuma Elish* and Greek cosmologies. The LXX translators rewrote Genesis 1 to align the creation account with the flood narrative of **Gen 7:11** (“windows of the heavens”), which mirrors the celestial gates in *Enuma Elish* (Tablet V). The corruptions: - **“Separation of the Waters” (Gen 1:6-8)**: Added to support the “windows of the heavens.” In *Enuma Elish*, the sky holds back upper waters. In the LXX, *rāqîaʿ* becomes “stereōma” (dome), unlike the Hebrew expanse (**Gen 1:20**, **Ezekiel 1:22-26**). - **Luminaries (Gen 1:14-18)**: The phrase “to separate light from darkness” compensates for moving the firmament from day 1 (**Job 26:10**). - **Compression of Days**: The “separation of the waters” took up day 2, forcing animals and humanity into day 6, omitting the animals’ blessing. - **Cultural Context**: Influenced by Alexandria’s library and Babylonian myths, the LXX adapted the text to “compete” with Hellenistic cosmologies. *Tehom* becomes “abyssos” in the LXX, and the “separation of the waters” adds a mythological tint absent in Hebrew (**Ps 33:7**). ## Eliminating Babylonian Mythology The restored text purges Genesis 1 of *Enuma Elish* influences: - **Tehom**: A passive watery mass (**Gen 1:2**, **Ps 33:7**, “the deeps in storehouses”), ordered without conflict, unlike Tiamat, the hostile goddess in *Enuma Elish*. - **Rāqîaʿ**: A spatial expanse (**Gen 1:20**, **Ezekiel 1:22-26**), not a dome. It separates light from darkness (**Job 26:10**), with no resemblance to *Enuma Elish*. - **Waters Above**: Appear only in **Gen 1:7** and **Gen 7:11**. In the restored text, they vanish, and the flood is explained by “springs of the deep” (**Ps 33:7**). - **Ordering Chaos**: Chaos (*tōhū wābōhū*) is ordered by God’s word, without conflict, unlike *Enuma Elish*. The Sabbath (**Gen 2:3**) adds a unique theological dimension, absent in myths. ## Conclusion: Genesis 1 with the Sabbath Is Pure Revelation The inconsistencies in the current Genesis 1—separating the waters, luminaries “separating light,” unblessed animals, humanity “in a heap”—prove corruption in the Septuagint under *Enuma Elish* influence. The original Genesis 1 was a coherent revelation: - **Day 1**: Light and firmament (*rāqîaʿ*) as the boundary between light and darkness (**Job 26:10**). - **Day 2**: Waters separated from land, vegetation (**Ps 104:5-9**). - **Day 3**: Luminaries to mark times (**Ps 136:7-9**). - **Day 4**: Fish and birds, blessed. - **Day 5**: Land animals, blessed. - **Day 6**: Humanity, “image of God,” blessed. - **Day 7**: The Sabbath, blessed and sanctified, seal of creation (**Exod 20:8-11**, **Deut 5:12-15**). The restored text, aligned with **Job 26:10**, **Proverbs 8:27**, **Isaiah 40:22**, **Psalm 104:2-9**, **Job 38:4-11**, **Isaiah 44:24**, **Amos 4:13**, **Jeremiah 10:12**, **Exodus 20:8-11**, reflects Moses’ theology: a sovereign God, an ordered creation, humanity as the culmination, and the Sabbath as an eternal covenant. Genesis 1 is divine revelation, freed from Babylonian mythology. ## Attribution The interpretations and conclusions belong to Paul Csavdari. The AI-generated voice is the narrator, not the author. © Paul Csavdari. All rights reserved.